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The Four Seals of the Dharma
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“Buddhism is distinguished by four characteristics, or ‘seals.’ If all these four seals are found in a path or a philosophy, it can be considered the path of the Buddha.” —Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, from the article “The Four Seals of Dharma are Buddhism in a Nutshell“, Lion’s Roar Magazine, January 12, 2017

The Four Seals in a nutshell are: 1) All compounded things are impermanent; 2) All emotions are painful; 3) All phenomena are empty; they are without inherent existence; 4) Nirvana is beyond extremes.

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